TEKNIK TANGGAM
Bersama kotak
kotak bersama 400x324 Teknik tanggam
Sendi kotak, juga dipanggil sendi jari, menghubungkan dua lembaga di sudut. Ia sangat kuat dan sering digunakan dalam kotak, seperti dada selimut dan kotak barang kemas, kerana melihat perhiasan.
butt Bersama
Sendi punggung adalah sendi yang paling mudah dan paling lemah. Ianya dicipta dengan hanya batas dua papan bersama-sama dan melampirkan menggunakan gam atau paku atau skru. Permohonan tanggam ini biasanya digunakan untuk papan gam sampingan sempit ke sisi untuk membentuk satu panel yang luas, seperti pintu kabinet atau atas meja.
Bersama tanggam
Tanggam adalah salah satu teknik tanggam yang paling kuat, paling cantik dan paling kompleks yang tukang kayu menggunakan. Ianya biasa digunakan untuk melampirkan front laci ke kotak laci, tetapi juga boleh digunakan untuk menyertai mana-mana dua keping kayu di tepi, seperti dada atau kotak perhiasan. Ia adalah salah satu daripada sendi yang kuat kerana bagaimana sekeping sampingan menghalang bahagian hadapan pernah ditarik dan kerana jumlah yang besar permukaan gam. Terdapat banyak variasi ini sejajar, seperti setengah buta, melalui, dan tanggam gelongsor.
Bersama paku dinding
Sendi doweled adalah semata-mata sendi punggung yang menggunakan kayu penetap kayu untuk membantu menyelaraskan dan memperkukuhkan ikatan antara dua papan. Sering kali bersama doweled dibuat ke dalam sendi sangat visual merayu dengan lulus kayu penetap sepenuhnya melalui sekeping sebelah dan pempelasan mereka mengepam dengan permukaan.
Bersama separuh-Lap
Sendi setengah pusingan adalah semata-mata proses menyertai dua keping kayu bersama-sama dengan membuang separuh lebar setiap dari papan supaya mereka sepenuhnya bertindih antara satu sama lain apabila menyertai. Sangat kuat dan sangat visual merayu sendi.
Frame & Panel Bersama
Sendi rangka dan panel adalah kaedah utama membina pintu kabinet. Setiap panel terdiri daripada dua Stiles menegak menjalankan ketinggian lengkap pintu, dua rel yang menjalankan itu lebar keseluruhan pintu tolak lebar dua Stiles, dan panel pusat. Teknik tanggam ini mewujudkan satu panel besar yang tidak terjejas oleh perubahan alam sekitar, kerana panel pusat terapung di antara landasan dan Stiles, dan mampu untuk berkembang dan kontrak tanpa menjejaskan bahagian-bahagian lain. Terdapat beratus-ratus butir-butir router yang berbeza yang boleh digunakan di atas landasan keretapi, Stiles, dan pintu, mencipta rupa sebagai mewah atau mudah seperti yang dikehendaki.
PENYAMBUNGAN KAYU
JENIS SAMBUNGAN KAYU
Butt
|
Dovetails
|
Housed
|
Lap
|
Rebate
|
Tenon and mortise
|
Tounge and groove
|
Strengthening
joints
|
Tips and tricks
|
JENIS DAN CIRI SAMBUNGAN
Bil
|
Jenis sambungan
|
Ciri sambungan
|
1.
|
joint butt
|
Butt joints are
the easiest of all to make. Wood is butted face to edge or end to edge and
nailed, screwed or dowelled together. End to edge joints can be joined with
corrugated fasteners.
Strength can be added by glueing the joining faces. These joints are not
recommended for hardwood unless pilot holes and screws or dowels are used to
hold them together.
When nailing or srewing but joints use corner or mitre clamps to hold the two
pieces in place.
End to edge butt joint.
|
2.
|
Lap or halved
joints
|
Halved joints or lap joints are mostly used to assemble light
frames which are going to be covered with hardboard or plywood. Half the
thickness of each piece of wood to be joined is cut away with a tenon saw and
the joint is glued and screwed or nailed. Halved lap joints are also used to
join long lengths of timber as for fencing.
Tee half joint
|
3.
|
Mitre
joints
|
Mitre joints are
always cut to 45° in a mitre box so that they will form a 90° corner when
joined. As no end wood is ever seen these are very neat joints but they are
weak. Normally used for picture frames where they are nailed with panel pins.
When used for other purposes they must be strengthened with glue blocks,
angle braces or loose tongues. Mitre joints should always be glued.
When nailing a mitre joint always start the nail with one part of the
mitre above the other. The nails will pull the mitre into square.
|
4.
|
Rebate
joints
|
Rebate joints are
suitable for joining top and bottom ends of furniture. Stopped rebate joints
hide the joint. Glue and skew nail, or screw the joint together.
Stopped rebate joint
|
5.
|
Housed joints
|
Housed joints are mostly used for shelves. The
stopped house joint hides the actual joining. Use skew nails or screws to
fasten the boards together.
Stopped housed joint
|
6.
|
|
Loose tongued joints are
used to join planks edge to edge to form a larger board like a table top in
which case they are always glued only.
Bare faced tongue and groove orLoose
tongue and groove joints
can be used to join chair rails to chair legs. Note the glue blocks for extra
strength.
|
7.
|
Tenon and mortise joints
|
Tenon and mortise joints are
very strong joints mostly used in furniture making and for heavy doors and
gates. They are not easy joints to make. The secret in making a good tenon
joint lies in careful and accurate marking .
The tenon’s width should not be less than a third of the thickness of
the wood especially if wood of the same thickness is joined. The shoulders
may be of any width and may also be offset when the mortise is made in
rebated wood. Make the mortise before rebating the wood. If the top of the
mortised wood is to be in line with the edge of the tenoned wood a haunched
tenon can be made with the haunch cut back to be in line with the shoulders.
Haunched tenon joint
Beveled haunched tenon
Marking and making mortise
and tenon joints.
|
